Analysis of the effectiveness of different play types in the end of game possessions of close EuroLeague matches
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
End-of-game possessions during the final minutes of a game often have a significant impact on the final result of the match. The purpose of the present study was to analyse the structure and efficacy of possession play types in the last two minutes of the fourth quarter and overtime of EuroLeague close matches and relate them to the result of the game. The offensive play types of 90 EuroLeague games were analysed. 955 end-of-game possessions were analysed and categorized into 11 predefined play types. Sport Scout STA software was used as the observation instrument. The results indicated that the isolation (ISO) play type (23.6%) had the highest frequency, while Hand-Off (0.63%) was the least frequent play type. Cut (CUT) play type was the most effective (82.4%), producing 1.58 Points Per Possession (PPP), followed by PB (69%), and 1.33 PPP. Post Up, ISO, and Spot Up play types were the least effective, producing 0.78–0.98 PPP. Winning teams had longer-lasting possessions compared to defeated teams. Longer-lasting possessions were less effective than possessions that lasted less than 6 seconds. More cooperative play types increased the efficacy of possessions at the end of the game.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Each author warrants that his or her submission to the Work is original and that he or she has full power to enter into this agreement. Neither this Work nor a similar work has been published elsewhere in any language nor shall be submitted for publication elsewhere while under consideration by Journal of Human Sport and Exercise (JHSE). Each author also accepts that the JHSE will not be held legally responsible for any claims of compensation.
Authors wishing to include figures or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright holder(s) and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the authors.
Please include at the end of the acknowledgements a declaration that the experiments comply with the current laws of the country in which they were performed. The editors reserve the right to reject manuscripts that do not comply with the abovementioned requirements. The author(s) will be held responsible for false statements or failure to fulfill the above-mentioned requirements.
This title is licensed under a Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0).
You are free to:
Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.
Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material.
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
-
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
-
NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
-
ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
- You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
- No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
How to Cite
References
Altman D. (1991). Practical Statistics for Medical Research. Chapman & Hall, London, UK. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429258589
Bar-Eli, M., & Tractinsky, N. (2000). Criticality of game situations and decision making in basketball: an application of performance crisis perspective. Psychol Sport Exerc., 1(1), 27-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1469-0292(00)00005-4
Bashuk, M. (2012). Using cumulative win probabilities to predict NCAA basketball performance. In Proceedings of the MIT Sloan Sports Analytics Conference (pp. 1-10).
Beasley, T. M., & Schumacker, R. E. (1995). Multiple regression approach to analyzing contingency tables: Post hoc and planned comparison procedures. The Journal of Experimental Education, 64(1), 79-93. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220973.1995.9943797
Božović, B. (2021). The Use of "Synergy Sports Technology" for the Collection of Basketball Game Statistics. In Sinteza 2021-International Scientific Conference on Information Technology and Data Related Research (pp. 272-276). Singidunum University. https://doi.org/10.15308/Sinteza-2021-272-276
Çene, E. (2018). What is the difference between a winning and a losing team: insights from Euroleague basketball. Int. J. Perform. Anal. Sport, 18(1), 55-68. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2018.1446234
Chen, R., Zhang, M., & Xu, X. (2023). Modeling the influence of basketball players' offense roles on team performance. Front. Psychol., 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1256796
Christmann, J., Akamphuber, M., Müllenbach, A. L., & Güllich, A. (2018). Crunch time in the NBA-The effectiveness of different play types in the endgame of close matches in professional basketball. Int J Sports Sci Coach., 13(6), 1090-1099. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954118772485
Csataljay, G., James, N., Hughes, M. D., & Dancs, H. (2012). Performance differences between winning and losing basketball teams during close, balanced and unbalanced quarters. J. Hum. Sport Exerc. Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 356-364. https://doi.org/10.4100/jhse.2012.72.02
Dežman, B., Erčulj, F., & Vučković, G. (2002). Differences between winning and losing basketball teams in playing efficiency. Acta Kinesiol. Univ. Tartu, 7, 71.
Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct. (2002). Ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct. The American Psychologist, 57(12), 1060-1073. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.57.12.1060
Fotinakis, P., Karipidis, A., & Taxildaris, K. (2002). Factors characterising the transition game in European basketball. J. Hum. Mov. Stud., 42(4), 305-316.
Fotinakis, P., Karipidis, A., Papadimitriou, K., & Taxildaris, K. (2000). A statistical evaluation of selected variables for predicting end of championship ranking in the European basketball championship of France 1999. NBP., 5(2), 129-138.
Garcia-Perez, M. A., & Nunez-Anton, V. (2003). Cellwise residual analysis in two-way contingency tables. Educ Psychol Meas., 63(5), 825-839. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164403251280
Garefis, A., Xiromeritis, C., Tsitskaris, G., & Mexas, K. (2006). The one on one situation as an important factor in modern basketball. Inquiries in Sport & Physical Education, 4(3), 462-466.
Gómez, M. Á., Battaglia, O., Lorenzo, A., Lorenzo, J., Jiménez, S., & Sampaio, J. (2015). Effectiveness during ball screens in elite basketball games. J. Sports Sci., 33(17), 1844-1852. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1014829
Karipidis, A., Fotinakis, P., Taxildaris, K., & Fatouros, J. (2001). Factors characterizing a successful performance in basketball. J. Hum. Mov. Stud., 41(5), 385-397.
Karipidis, A., Mavridis, G., Tsamourtzis, E., & Rokka, S. (2010). The effectiveness of control offense, following an outside game in European Championships. Inquiries in Sport & Physical Education, 8(1), 99-106.
Koutsouridis, C., Karamousalidis, G., & Galazoulas, C. (2018). The efficacy of "High Pick and Roll" in relation to the defence's reaction and its effect on the result of the game. Int. J. Perform. Anal. Sport, 18(4), 554-567. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2018.1501983
Kubatko, J., Oliver, D., Pelton, K., & Rosenbaum, D. T. (2007). A starting point for analyzing basketball statistics. J. Quant. Anal. Sports, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.2202/1559-0410.1070
Lamas, L., Junior, D. D. R., Santana, F., Rostaiser, E., Negretti, L., & Ugrinowitsch, C. (2011). Space creation dynamics in basketball offence: validation and evaluation of elite teams. Int. J. Perform. Anal. Sport, 11(1), 71-84. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2011.11868530
Lamas, L., Santana, F., Heiner, M., Ugrinowitsch, C., & Fellingham, G. (2015). Modeling the offensive-defensive interaction and resulting outcomes in basketball. PloS One, 10(12), e0144435. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0144435
Lehto, H., Häyrinen, M., Fay, T., Tammivaara, A., & Dettmann, H. (2010). Technical and tactical game analysis of elite basketball in three different levels. KIHU's publication series, 19, 33.
Marmarinos, C., Apostolidis, N., Kostopoulos, N., & Apostolidis, A. (2016). Efficacy of the "pick and roll" offense in top level European basketball teams. J. Hum. Kinet., 51, 121. https://doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2015-0176
Matulaitis, K., & Bietkis, T. (2021). Prediction of offensive possession ends in elite basketball teams. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18(3), 1083. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031083
McBasketball C. (2017). Nylon Calculus: How to understand synergy play type categories, 9. Retrieved from [Accessed February 27, 2024]: https://fansided.com/2017/09/08/nylon-calculus-understanding-synergy-play-type-data/
Nunes, H., Iglesias, X., Daza, G., Irurtia, A., Caparrós, T., & Anguera, M. T. (2016). Influencia del pick and roll en el juego de ataque en baloncesto de alto nivel. CPD, 16(1), 129-142.
Nunes, H., Iglesias, X., Del Giacco, L., & Anguera, M. T. (2022). The Pick-and-Roll in Basketball From Deep Interviews of Elite Coaches: A Mixed Method Approach From Polar Coordinate Analysis. Front. Psychol., 13, 801100. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.801100
Peraica, D. Investigating space protection dynamics in NBA and Euroleague (Doctoral dissertation, Lietuvos sporto universitetas, Lithuania, 2022.
Polykratis, M., Tsamourtzis, E., Mavridis, G., & Zaggelidis, G. (2010). Relation of effectiveness in Pick n' Roll application between the Νational Greek Τeam of and its opponents during the Men's World Basketball Championship of 2006. J. Phys. Educ. Sport., 29 (4), 57-67.
Prieto-Lage, I., Vázquez-Estévez, C., Paramés-González, A., Argibay-González, J. C., Reguera-López-de-la-Osa, X., & Gutiérrez-Santiago, A. (2022). Ball Screens in the Men's 2019 Basketball World Cup. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 20(1), 59. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010059
Remmert, H. (2003). Analysis of group-tactical offensive behavior in elite basketball on the basis of a process orientated model. Eur J Sport Sci., 3(3), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461390300073311
Sampaio, J., & Janeira, M. (2003). Statistical analyses of basketball team performance: understanding teams' wins and losses according to a different index of ball possessions. Int. J. Perform. Anal. Sport, 3(1), 40-49. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2003.11868273
Selmanović, A., Škegro, D., & Milanović, D. (2015). Basic characteristics of offensive modalities in the Euroleague and the NBA. Acta Kinesiol., 9(2), 83-87.
Shingala, M. C., & Rajyaguru, A. (2015). Comparison of post hoc tests for unequal variance. IJNTSE, 2(5), 22-33.
Skinner, B. (2012). The problem of shot selection in basketball. PloS one, 7(1), e30776. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0030776
Stavropoulos, N., Kolias, P., Papadopoulou, A., & Stavropoulou, G. (2021). Game related predictors discriminating between winning and losing teams in preliminary, second and final round of basketball world cup 2019. Int. J. Perform. Anal. Sport, 21(3), 383-395. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2021.1901437
Stavropoulos, N., Papadopoulou, A., & Kolias, P. (2021). Evaluating the Efficiency of Off-Ball Screens in Elite Basketball Teams via Second-Order Markov Modelling. Mathematics, 9(16), 1991. https://doi.org/10.3390/math9161991
Suárez-Cadenas, E., & Courel-Ibáñez, J. (2017). Shooting strategies and effectiveness after offensive rebound and its impact on game result in Euroleague basketball teams. CPD, 17(3), 217-222.
Tsamourtzis, E., Karypidis, A. and Athanasiou, N. (2005). Analysis of fast breaks in Basketball. Int. J. Perform. Anal. Sport, 5(2), 17-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2005.11868324
Uhlmann, E. L., & Barnes, C. M. (2014). Selfish play increases during high-stakes NBA games and is rewarded with more lucrative contracts. PloS One, 9(4), e95745. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095745
Vaquera, A., Cubillo, R., García-Tormo, J. V., & Morante, J. C. (2013). Validation of a tactical analysis methodology for the study of pick and roll in basketball. RPD, 22(1), 277-281.
Vaquera, A., García-Tormo, J. V., Gómez Ruano, M. A., & Morante, J. C. (2016). An exploration of ball screen effectiveness on elite basketball teams. Int. J. Perform. Anal. Sport, 16(2), 475-485. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2016.11868902
Zukolo, Z., Dizdar, D., Selmanović, A., & Vidranski, T. (2019). The role of finishing actions in the final result of the basketball match. J. Sports Sci, 12, 90-95.